Historie maniaków

Roman Jaworski

Wydawca Jirafa Roja
ISBN 83-89143-33-X
Okładka miękka
Liczba stron 169
Rok wydania 2004-01-20

Roman Jaworski
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Zbiór opowiadań "Historie maniaków", którego pierwsze – i na dziesiątki lat jedyne – wydanie nastąpiło w 1910 roku, był prawdziwym ewenementem na tle ówczesnej literatury.

Autor opisuje różne rodzaje swoistego "wariactwa", pokazuje ludzi z pogranicza dwóch światów – realnego i urojonego, ludzi "opętanych" obsesjami, maniami. I chociaż każdy utwór ma innych bohaterów, to jednak łączy ich jedno: każdy jest "maniakiem", ale niecodziennym i nietypowym, wymykającym się jednoznacznym psychiatrycznym kwalifikacjom i diagnozom. Na przykład, bohater "Trzeciej godziny" zostaje przedsiębiorcą pogrzebowym tylko w tym celu, żeby w wyszukanej formie i uroczystym ceremoniale wypełniać urojoną funkcję mitycznego przewoźnika zmarłych. Albo "Bania doktora Lipka" –  treść tego utworu wypełniają ludzie chorzy psychicznie, przedstawiciele różnych warstw i stanów społecznych, których jednoczy idea: razem tworzą oddział żołnierzy zwany armią Chrystusa, mający wyruszyć na podbój złego, zepsutego świata. Z kolei w "Amorze milczącym" poznajemy doktora Fallusa, prezesa klubu "miłośników miłości", grupujących mężczyzn z rozmaitymi problemami, dewiacjami i obsesjami seksualnymi.

Wraz z opisami i porównaniami eksponującymi brzydotę natrafiamy w tej prozie na elementy humoru i wrażenie lekkości z jaką autor prowadzi narrację. W istocie nie sposób powstrzymać się od myśli, że Jaworski uprawia grę z czytelnikiem, kokietuje go swoją bezczelnością i obrazoburstwem. Nasuwa się więc pytanie: po co? Bo chyba nie w celu zniechęcenia do lek-tury własnych utworów. Ale właśnie ta mało pociągająca gra z odbiorcą ma formę buntu, wyzwania rzuconego modernizmowi i młodopolskiej konwencji z jaką Jaworski stykał się przecież na co dzień. W ten uporządkowany świat ówczesnej literatury Jaworski uderza czymś totalnie odmiennym i całkowicie zaskakującym. Jego postaci są nie tylko odpychające. Są również wynaturzone, pełne wewnętrznych sprzeczności i irracjonalnych zachowań. Tworzą swoje cele i marzenia a potem je niszczą z psychopatologiczną satysfakcją. Są rodzajami dewiantów, co nasuwa podejrzenie o prekursorskość autora "Historii maniaków". Deformacja bohaterów Jaworskiego następuje w świecie pozornie realnym i rzeczywistym. Ale szybko ulega on zniekształceniu, wyostrzeniu, jakiemuś rodzajowi wykrzywiającego, somnambulicznego postrzegania. Autorowi udało się wywołać w odbiorcy wrażenie śledzenia wydarzeń z punktu widzenia bohaterów – z punktu widzenia ich chorej, złowrogiej wyobraźni, poprzez pryzmat rozgorączkowanego umysłu. Dlatego słusznie nazwano Jaworskiego "ekspresjonistą" – pierwszym przedstawicielem tego nurtu w polskiej prozie. Dlatego również niektórzy bada-cze uważają Jaworskiego za pierwszego przedstawiciela groteski w naszej literaturze.

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